{"id":3999,"date":"2017-07-17T12:34:42","date_gmt":"2017-07-17T19:34:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/?p=3999"},"modified":"2017-08-30T14:50:24","modified_gmt":"2017-08-30T21:50:24","slug":"us-supreme-court-rules-government-officers-liable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/2017\/07\/us-supreme-court-rules-government-officers-liable\/","title":{"rendered":"US Supreme Court Rules Government Officers Liable"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/gavel+money.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-5051 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/gavel+money.jpg\" alt=\"gavel+money\" width=\"250\" height=\"350\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 250px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 250\/350;\" \/><\/a><\/strong>In what I would call a confirmation of the law, not a NEW ruling, the US Supreme Court One lays down the law for all to see, and USE if you choose.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>One of the BIG legal fantasies promoted by governments and officials is the idea of officials&#8217; having &#8216;immunity&#8217; from prosecution and no liability<\/strong>&#8230; so they are not held liable for their corrupt and illegal actions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Don&#8217;t buy the LIE.<\/h1>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Judges are liable, cops are liable, corporate officers are liable, ANY official is liable&#8230; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">when:<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">1. if they perform any actions while in office, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">not defined by their office<\/span>, or<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">2. actions that are defined by their office but are <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">done in <\/span><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">BAD faith<\/span> <\/strong><strong>or <\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong>3. the actions taken are <\/strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">illegal by nature<\/span>.<\/h3>\n<p>Any actions that they take NOT defined by their office or <strong>illegal by their nature<\/strong> are considered to have been done outside of their office therefore done in their private capacity and therefore they are fully liable, in their private capacity, without any protections of their office.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately this lie of\u00a0&#8216;immunity&#8217; is also repeated unknowingly by people, again and again, who have a real case against government officials and therefore do not pursue very valid claims.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">A recent US Supreme Court decision clarified and confirmed that the government and their agents can be held liable and accountable for wrongdoing carried out by officials in its employment while on the job.<!--more--><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"ui center aligned header headline_text_color\">Officials ARE Liable for Bad Faith and Illegal Acts, NO Immunity<\/h3>\n<p>This should be a a no brainer but in the land of legal fictions and unaccountable government officials being protected by legal process&#8230;someone FINALLY took the issue to the US Supreme Court for a common sense confirmation which lower level courts are now bound by.<\/p>\n<p>This is a <strong>fundamental principle of law<\/strong> that nobody is above the law including all government actors. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">The government immunity clause only applies to government actors when they are performing their actions of their office defined by their office <strong>in good faith<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Any actions that they take not defined by their office or illegal by their nature are considered have been done outside of their office therefore done in their private capacity and therefore they are fully liable in their private capacity without any protections of their office.<\/h3>\n<p><strong>So in effect the government is also liable for having employed them, their supervisors are liable for improper training and oversight<\/strong> and the actions carried out while they were employee and the individual is liable personally also.<\/p>\n<p>In this particular case the complaint and <em>Millbrook<\/em> had been denied hearings for his claims that the lower courts and submitted a hand written, in pencil, complaint to the Supreme Court of the United States. Less than 1% of Supreme Court applications are heard by the court. I&#8217;m certain that this particular case was heard because it addresses a fundamental aspect of law and the only point of protection for a private person from the abuses of any government actor.<\/p>\n<p>If you take the time to read the articles about the case you&#8217;ll find the disgusting actions\u00a0of government lawyers and lower courts protecting the corrupt and abusive actions of government actors creating a series of faulty case law decisions that perpetuate the idea that violence and criminal actions\u00a0by government actors is protected.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Millbrook filed a handwritten petition, in pencil no less, to the U.S. Supreme Court, and in a rare show of magnanimity, the Court agreed to hear his case and assigned a lawyer to represent him. <strong>Curiously enough, after the Court announced it could hear the case, the U.S. Justice Department\u2014which had defended the government\u2019s actions at every level of the judicial proceedings, including asking the Supreme Court\u00a0<em>not<\/em>\u00a0to take the case\u2014did an about-face<\/strong> and switched its position to argue that the FTCA\u00a0<em>does<\/em>\u00a0apply to prison guards as law-enforcement officials.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Sadly much &#8220;case law&#8221; is biased garbage designed to allow corruption to continue as most people do not have the time, stamina or money to\u00a0challenge\u00a0bad\u00a0decisions\u00a0to higher and higher courts where the real law might be heard and decided.<\/p>\n<p>This case ultimately should be a watershed decision to open the doors for all manner of complaints against abusive and corrupt actions by government actors, the legal profession and officials as it now clearly confirmed by the Supreme Court that they do not have protection for their illegal and unlawful actions.<\/p>\n<h2>MILLBROOK v. UNITED STATES ( )<br \/>\n477 Fed. Appx. 4, reversed and remanded.<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\" href=\"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/MillsvUSA-Articles.zip\">MillsvUSA-Articles<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">\u00a0&#8211; PDFs of below articles .zip 2.2 meg<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">https:\/\/www.rutherford.org\/publications_resources\/john_whiteheads_commentary\/millbrook_v_us_holding_the_government_accountable_for_misconduct_by_la<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">http:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/supremecourt\/text\/11-10362<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">http:\/\/seattletimes.com\/html\/politics\/2019258111_apussupremecourtneedalawyer.html<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">http:\/\/theweek.com\/article\/index\/241977\/how-one-prisoners-handwritten-petition-won-him-a-supreme-court-case<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Canada<\/h2>\n<p>Odhavij Estate v Woodhouse\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/scc-csc.lexum.com\/scc-csc\/scc-csc\/en\/item\/2104\/index.do\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/scc-csc.lexum.com\/scc-csc\/scc-csc\/en\/item\/2104\/index.do<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>54&#8230;.<strong> It is reasonably foreseeable that the officers\u2019 failure to cooperate with the SIU investigation would harm the appellants.\u00a0 As the Chief was responsible for ensuring that the officers cooperated with the SIU investigation, it is reasonably foreseeable that the Chief\u2019s failure to do so would also harm the appellants.<\/strong>55\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The next question that arises is whether there is <strong>sufficient proximity between the parties that a duty of care may rightly be imposed on the Chief.<\/strong>\u00a0 It may be that the appellants can show that it was reasonably foreseeable that the alleged misconduct would result in psychiatric harm, but foreseeability alone is an insufficient basis on which to establish a <strong><em>prima facie <\/em>duty of care<\/strong>.\u00a0 In addition to showing foreseeability, the appellants must establish that it is just and fair to impose on the Chief a private law obligation to ensure that the defendant officers cooperated with the SIU.\u00a0 A broad range of factors may be relevant to this inquiry, including a close causal connection, the parties\u2019 expectations and any assumed or imposed obligations.\u00a0 See for example <em>Norsk<\/em>, <em>supra<\/em>, at p. 1153; <em>Martel Building Ltd. v. Canada<\/em>, [2000] 2 S.C.R. 860, 2000 SCC 60, at paras. 51-52; and <em>Cooper<\/em>, <em>supra<\/em>, at para. 35.56\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In the present case, one factor that supports a finding of proximity is the relatively direct causal link between the alleged misconduct and the complained of harm.\u00a0 As discussed above, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>the duties of a chief of police include ensuring that the members of the force carry out their duties in accordance with the provisions of the <em>Police Services Act<\/em>.\u00a0 In those instances in which a member of the public is injured as a consequence of police misconduct, there is an extremely close causal connection between the negligent supervision and the resultant injury: the failure of the chief of police to ensure that the members of the force carry out their duties in accordance with the provisions of the <em>Police Services Act<\/em> leads directly to the police misconduct, which, in turn, leads directly to the complained of harm.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 The failure of the Chief to ensure the defendant officers cooperated with the SIU is thus but one step removed from the complained of harm.\u00a0 Although a close causal connection is not a condition precedent of liability, it strengthens the nexus between the parties.57\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A second factor that strengthens the nexus between the Chief and the Odhavjis is the fact that <strong>members of the public reasonably expect a chief of police to be mindful of the injuries that might arise as a consequence of police misconduct.\u00a0<\/strong> Although the vast majority of police officers in our country exercise their powers responsibly, members of the force have a significant capacity to affect members of the public adversely through improper conduct in the exercise of police functions.\u00a0 <strong>It is only reasonable that members of the public vulnerable to the consequences of police misconduct would expect that a chief of police would take reasonable care to prevent, or at least to discourage<\/strong>, members of the force from injuring members of the public through improper conduct in the exercise of police functions.58\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Finally, I also believe it noteworthy that <strong>this expectation is consistent with the statutory obligations that s. 41(1)(b) of the <em>Police Services Act <\/em>imposes on the Chief.\u00a0 Under s. 41(1)(b), the Chief is under a freestanding statutory obligation to ensure that the members of the force carry out their duties in accordance with the provisions of the <em>Police Services Act <\/em>and the needs of the community<\/strong>.\u00a0 This includes an obligation to ensure that members of the police force do not injure members of the public through misconduct in the exercise of police functions.\u00a0 The fact that <strong>the Chief already is under a duty to ensure compliance with an SIU investigation adds substantial weight to the position that it is neither unjust nor unfair to conclude that the Chief owed to the plaintiffs a duty of care<\/strong> to ensure that the defendant officers did, in fact, cooperate with the SIU investigation.59\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In light of the above factors, I conclude that the circumstances of the case satisfy the first stage of the <em>Anns <\/em>test and raise a <em>prima facie <\/em>duty of care.\u00a0 <strong>If it is reasonably foreseeable that the defendant officers\u2019 decision not to cooperate with the SIU would injure the plaintiffs, a private law obligation to ensure that the officers cooperate with the SIU is rightly imposed on the Chief.<\/strong>\u00a0 Consequently, the only issue that is left to consider is whether there exist any broad policy considerations that ought to negative the <em>prima facie <\/em>obligation of the Chief to prevent the misconduct.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>McCrea v. White Rock (City), 1974 CanLII 1147 (BC CA) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/en\/bc\/bcca\/doc\/1974\/1974canlii1147\/1974canlii1147.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CanLii<\/a><\/p>\n<p><i>\u00a0&#8211; Anns v. Merton London Borough Council<\/i> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anns_v_Merton_LBC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">46\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 It is now well established in Canada that the existence of such a duty is to be determined in accordance with the two-step analysis first enunciated by the House of Lords in <em>Anns v. Merton London Borough Council<\/em>, [1978] A.C. 728, at pp. 751-52:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">First one has to ask whether, as between the alleged wrongdoer and the person who has suffered damage there is a sufficient relationship of proximity or neighbourhood such that, in the reasonable contemplation of the former, carelessness on his part may be likely to cause damage to the latter \u2014 in which case a prima facie duty of care arises.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Secondly, if the first question is answered affirmatively, it is necessary to consider whether there are any considerations which ought to negative, or to reduce or limit the scope of the duty or the class of person to whom it is owed or the damages to which a breach of it may give rise.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>originally published May 2014, updated May 2017<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In what I would call a confirmation of the law, not a NEW ruling, the US Supreme Court One lays down the law for all to see, and USE if you choose. One of the BIG legal fantasies promoted by governments and officials is the idea of officials&#8217; having &#8216;immunity&#8217; from prosecution and no liability&#8230;&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":184,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,106,17,73],"tags":[55,45,11,15,34,210,209],"class_list":["post-3999","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-case-law","category-court-process-2","category-privacy-in-the-news","category-training-2","tag-court-process","tag-court-ruling","tag-defending-your-rights","tag-news","tag-know-your-rights","tag-no-immunity","tag-officials-are-liable-for-bad-faith-and-illegal-acts","no-featured-image","loop-entry clr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3999","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/184"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3999"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3999\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3999"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3999"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/private-person.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}